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Implementa\[CCedilla]\[ATilde]o do m\[EAcute]todo do ponto fixo em Rn, para \
resolu\[CCedilla]\[ATilde]o de sistemas de equa\[CCedilla]\[OTilde]es n\
\[ATilde]o lineares da forma G (X) = X, em que X = (x_ 1, ... , x_n) e G = \
(g_ 1, ... , g_n). A converg\[EHat]ncia do m\[EAcute]todo \[EAcute] \
condicional e tipicamente de primeira ordem. 

Par\[AHat]metros de entrada:

*  G, X : a fun\[CCedilla]\[ATilde]o vectorial G e o seu argumento X
* X0     : vector que d\[AAcute] a aproxima\[CCedilla]\[ATilde]o inicial
* tol      : erro maximo desejado, medido com base da dist\[AHat]ncia entre \
as duas \[UAcute]ltimas iteradas.
* nmax : n\[UAcute]mero m\[AAcute]ximo de itera\[CCedilla]\[OTilde]es

Par\[AHat]metros de sa\[IAcute]da:

* vector num\[EAcute]rico com a solu\[CCedilla]\[ATilde]o do problema, \
correspondendo \[AGrave] \[UAcute]ltima itera\[CCedilla]\[ATilde]o calculada. \
Se o n\[UAcute]mero m\[AAcute]ximo de itera\[CCedilla]\[OTilde]es for \
atingido \[EAcute] emitida mensagem de erro.
\
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