{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# A Class"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "<__main__.Person object at 0x0000021D9EED60F0>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "class Person:\n",
    "    pass  # An empty block\n",
    "\n",
    "p = Person()\n",
    "print(p)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Method\n",
    "\n",
    "p = Person()\n",
    "p.speak() \n",
    "can also be written as\n",
    "Person().speak()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hello, how are you?\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "class Person:\n",
    "    def speak(self):\n",
    "        print('Hello, how are you?')\n",
    "\n",
    "p = Person()\n",
    "p.speak()\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# the  __init__   method\n",
    "\n",
    "The first method __init__() is a special method, which is called class constructor or initialization method that Python calls when you create a new instance of this class."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hello, my name is Carlos\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "class Person:\n",
    "    def __init__(self, name):\n",
    "        self.name = name\n",
    "\n",
    "    def speak(self):\n",
    "        print('Hello, my name is', self.name)\n",
    "\n",
    "p = Person('Carlos')\n",
    "p.speak()\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# self\n",
    "The first argument of every class method, including init, is always a reference to the current instance of the class. By convention, this argument is always named self. In the init method, self refers to the newly created object; in other class methods, it refers to the instance whose method was called. For example the below code is the same as the above code."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Another class"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Pet(object):\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __init__(self, name, species):\n",
    "        self.name = name\n",
    "        self.species = species\n",
    "\n",
    "    def getName(self):\n",
    "        return self.name\n",
    "\n",
    "    def getSpecies(self):\n",
    "        return self.species\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __str__(self):\n",
    "        return \"%s is a %s\" % (self.name, self.species)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# inheritance"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Dog(Pet):\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __init__(self, name, chases_cats):\n",
    "        Pet.__init__(self, name, \"Dog\")\n",
    "        self.chases_cats = chases_cats\n",
    "\n",
    "    def chasesCats(self):\n",
    "        return self.chases_cats\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Cat(Pet):\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __init__(self, name, hates_dogs):\n",
    "        Pet.__init__(self, name, \"Cat\")\n",
    "        self.hates_dogs = hates_dogs\n",
    "\n",
    "    def hatesDogs(self):\n",
    "        return self.hates_dogs\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "myPet = Pet(\"Boby\", \"Dog\")\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "myDog = Dog(\"Boby\", True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "isinstance(myDog, Pet)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "isinstance(myDog, Dog)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "isinstance(myPet, Pet)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "isinstance(myPet, Dog)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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